ABSTRACT
Objective:To compare the cost-effectiveness of hospitalized Chinese patients undergoing nucleic acid screening strategies for hepatitis B and hepatitis C, immunological screening strategy, and no screening strategy under different willingness to pay (WTP). The results might aid to decision-making for the optimal strategy.Methods:In this study, nucleic acid screening, immunological screening and no screening were used as screening strategies, and China′s GDP in 2021 (80 976 yuan) was used as the threshold of WTP to construct a Markov model. After introducing parameters related to the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B and C in inpatients, a cohort population of 100 000 inpatients was simulated by TreeAge Pro 2021 software, the total cost, total health effects, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio and average cost-effectiveness ratio of different screening strategies were calculated, and cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted. Univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were used to assess the impact of parameter uncertainty on the final results.Results:Compared with the non-screening strategy, the incremental total cost of the hepatitis B immunological screening strategy for cohort patients was 11 049 536 yuan, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 24 762 yuan/quality-adjusted life years (QALY), while the total incremental cost of nucleic acid screening was 19 208 059 yuan, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 29 873 yuan/QALY; the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of nucleic acid screening and immunological screening was 45 834 yuan/QALY. Compared with the non-screening strategy, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of hepatitis C immunological screening strategy was 5 731 yuan/QALY, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of nucleic acid screening strategy was 8 722 yuan/QALY, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of nucleic acid screening and immunological screening was 45 591 yuan/QALY. The results of probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that when the cost of nucleic acid testing exceeded 214.53 yuan, it was not cost-effective to perform hepatitis B nucleic acid screening under the WTP as 1 fold GDP. When the cost of nucleic acid testing exceeded 132.18 yuan, it was not cost-effective to conduct hepatitis C screening under the WTP as 1 fold GDP.Conclusions:Nucleic acid screening strategy can achieve more cost-effectiveness and is worthy of vigorous promotion. Compared with no screening, both the nucleic acid and immunological screening strategies are cost-effective, and hepatitis nucleic acid screening is the optimal strategy for hospitalized patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the etiological diagnostic value of metagenomic sequencing in central nervous system (CNS) infectious diseases.Methods:A total of 170 patients with central nervous system infection admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2018 to June 2020 were selected as the study subjects according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. General clinical data and pathogen test results were collected. All included patients underwent routine examination and mNGS test, and were divided into the conventional method test group and mNGS test group according to the test results. The measurement data conforming to normal distribution were represented by ± s; The measurement data that did not conform to normal distribution were represented by median and interquartile range. The classification data were expressed by the number of cases and percentage( n,%), and were compared by χ2 test or Fisher's exact test. Consistency test was represented by Kappa value. The detection of pathogenic microorganisms by the two methods and the rule of pathogen spectrum were compared and analyzed. Results:The overall positive rate of mNGS in CNS infectious diseases was higher than that of conventional methods (58.23% vs. 18.82%), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Among the 20 samples which were both positive by the two methods, 10 cases were completely pathogenic, 5 cases were partially consistent and 5 cases were completely inconsistent. In the detection of tuberculous nervous system infection, the positive rates were 66.7%, 53.8%, 44.0%, 40.0%, 4.0% in blood T-SPOT, cerebrospinal fluid mNGS, ADA, Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA and tuberculous specific antibody, respectively. The positive rate of acid-fast staining was 0. The positive rate of mNGS combined with conventional method was 80.8%. Conclusions:The detection rate of mNGS in CNS infection is better than that of conventional methods. However, it does not show obvious superiority in the detection rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis associated nervous system infection. In general, mNGS detection of pathogenic bacteria is more extensive, which is conducive to a thorough and comprehensive understanding of the bacterial characteristics of central nervous system infection. The combination of the two methods can make up for the deficiency of clinical routine detection to a certain extent, and can maximize the detection rate.
ABSTRACT
Preeclampsia is the main cause of poor maternal-fetal outcomes. A series of cell and animal experiments, and a small number of clinical studies have shown that pravastatin can prevent and treat preeclampsia by regulating angiogenesis, increasing the expression of heme oxygenase, and stimulating the production of nitric oxide without any reported adverse effects during pregnancy. We review the latest progress on the mechanism, effect, and safety of pravastatin in the prevention and treatment of preeclampsia.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To study the protective effects of different concentrations of curcumin on lung injury of rats in dry heat environment.Methods:Fifty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly (random number) divided into five groups ( n = 10 each group): normal control group (NC), dry heat control group (DHC), and three different concentrations of curcumin pretreated dry-heat groups (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg). Rats in the NC and DHC groups were given a gavage of normal saline, and rats in the curcumin pretreatment groups were given a gavage of curcumin with different concentrations, once a day for 7 consecutive days. At 8th day, all groups except for the NC group were transferred to the climate cabin (The Simulated Climate Cabin for Special Environment of Northwest of China), with a temperature of (41 ± 0.5) and relative humidity of (10 ± 1)%. Rats in each group were anesthetized and sampled after reaching the state of heat stroke at 150 min, and same done to the NC group. Lung tissues were harvested and pathological changes were observed by HE staining. Lung wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio was detected and lung injury indicators such as total protein, white blood cell count and neutrophil count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were also determined. Results:The lung injury pathology score, W/D weight ratio, total protein, white blood cell count and neutrophil count in BALF were the lowest in the NC group, and the highest in the DHC group, with significant difference ( P <0.01). With the increase of the concentration in the curcumin pretreatment groups, lung injury pathology score, W/D weight ratio, total protein, white blood cell count and neutrophil count in BALF were all declined. There were significant differences among the different concentration groups of curcumin and the NC and DHC groups ( P <0.01). Correlation analysis indicated that lung injury scores were correlated with W/D weight ratio of lung tissue, alveolar total protein content in BALF, white blood cell count, and neutrophil count (correlation coefficient r = 0.879, r = 0.935, r = 0.916, and r = 0.880, respectively, P <0.01). Conclusions:Pretreatment with different concentrations of curcumin can exert protective effects on lung injury of heat stroke rats in dry heat environment. Curcumin may have important clinical value in prevention and treatment of lung injury caused by heat stroke in dry heat environment.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the serum levels of dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) and sclerostin (SOST) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis treated with selective cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitor and its relation to clinical efficacy.Methods A randomized double-blind controlled trial with axial spondyloarthritis (ax-SpA) was carried out in our hospital.The data from patients in a single center was collected and analyzed.Serum DKK1 and SOST levels were measured by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA)method before and after 12 weeks treatment,then correlation analysis were conducted for DKK1 and SOST levels with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),C reactive protein (CRP),Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI),Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index (BASFI) and SPARCC of the sacroiliac joint inflammation score.Chi-square tests were used for analyzing of categorical data.Fisher exact tests were performed when the expected frequencies were less than 5.Two independent samples t-test was used to compare the difference between groups.Single sample t-test was used to ompare the differences between data before and after treatment.Pearson or Spearman correlation was used for correlation analysis.Results After 12 weeks of treatment,a total of 116 patients completed the follow-up,including 57 cases of imrecoxib group and 59 cases of the celecoxib group.There were no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).The level of serum DKK1 was significantly increased after treatment [(393±137) pg/ml,vs (542±274)pg/ml,P＜0.05].The serum level of SOST increased significantly [(39±19) pg/ml vs (57±36) pg/ml,t=5.814,P＞0.05],too.The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum DKK1 was positively correlated with serum SOST (r=0.226,P=0.015).A significantcorrelation was found between SOST level and ESR,CRP,finger to floor distance,left and fight lumbar side flexion and Schober's test (ESR:r=-0.379,P＜0.01;r=-0.309,P=0.001;r=-0.225,P=0.015;r=0.185,P=0.047;r=0.247,P=0.008;r=0.214,P=0.021).Conclusion Imrecoxib and celecoxib have similar efficacy on relieving the signs and symptoms of patients with ax-SpA.Short-term application of selective COX-2 inhibitors can increase DKK1 and SOST and possibly delay radiographic progression.
ABSTRACT
Nitroreductases (NTRs) are known to be able to metabolize nitro-substituted compounds in the presence of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) as an electron donor. NTRs are present in a wide range of bacterial genera and, to a lesser extent, in eukaryotes hypoxic tumour cells and tumorous tissues, which makes it an appropriate biomarker for an imaging target to detect the hypoxic status of cancer cells and potential bacterial infections. To evaluate the specific activation level of NTR, great efforts have been devoted to the development of fluorescent probes to detect NTR activities using fluorogenic methods to probe its behaviour in a cellular context; however, NTR-responsive MRI contrast agents are still by far underexplored. In this study, -nitrobenzyl substituted -weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent Gd-DOTA-PNB (probe ) has been designed and explored for the possible detection of NTR. Our experimental results show that probe could serve as an MRI-enhanced contrast agent for monitoring NTR activity. The response and mechanism of the NTR catalysed reduction of probe have been investigated through LC-MS and MRI. -nitrobenzyl substituted probe was catalytically reduced by NTR to the intermediate -aminobenzyl substituted probe which then underwent a rearrangement elimination reaction to Gd-DOTA, generating the enhanced -weighted MR imaging. Further, LC-MS and MRI studies of living have confirmed the NTR activity detection ability of probe at a cellular level. This method may potentially be used for the diagnosis of bacterial infections.
ABSTRACT
Objective To identify the plasma miRNAs which are differentially expressed in the patients with traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head by means of high-throughput screening so as to provide data for further research into the pathogenesis of traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head.Methods We selected 10 patients with femoral neck fracture who had been treated from January to April 2015 for traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head following manual reduction and internal fixation with percutaneous hollow screws (necrosis group) and another contemporary age-matched 10 patients with femoral neck fracture who had been treated in the similar way but did not develop traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head for over 2 years (control group).After the peripheral blood was obtained from the 20 patients,Axon GenePix 4000B chip scanner was used for peripheral blood chip screening to identify the miRNAs which were differentially expressed.QPCR technique was used to verify the top 5 miRNAs which were significantly up-regulated and the top 5 miRNAs which were significantly down-regulated.Results The Harris score for the necrosis group was significantly lower than that for the control group while the Visual Analog Scale score for the former significantly higher than that for the latter (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in general data (P ＞ 0.05).In comparison of the 2 groups,the chip screening identified 95 miRNAs which were significantly up-regulated and 413 miRNAs which were significantly down-regulated.The "volcano" analysis screened out 147 miRNAs differentially expressed of which 35 were up-regulated genes and 112 down-regulated genes.Of the 10 genes selected,8 were found in line with the results of microarray screening:hsa-miR-93-5p,hsa-let-7i-5p,hsa-miR-320a,hsa-miR-25-3p,hsa-miR-16-2-3p,hsa-miR-122-5p,hsa-miR-4711-3p and hsa-miR-3191-5p.Conclusion This study indentified 8 differentially expressed miRNAs associated with traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head,providing data for further study.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the changes of quality of life in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (ax-SpA) after treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) by the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).Methods: 120 patients diagnosed with ax-SpA were collected in the first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2014 to September 2015.They all agreed to be treated with the special drugs and assessed by special scale.Then they all signed the agreement.In the 3 months,double-blind,parallel controlled trial patients were randomized to 200 mg twice daily (bid) imrecoxib,or 200 mg twice daily (bid) celecoxib.They were assessed for the changes of quality of life at enrollment and after three months of NSAIDs therapy by the SF-36 of Chinese edition.The correlation between quality of life and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),C-reactive protein (CRP),Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI),Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI),Spondylo Arthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) was analyzed.Results: A total of 116 ax-SpA patients completed the study and 4 patients were lost to follow-up.We used the SF-36 scale to assess the quality of life in patients with ax-SpA before and after 3 months,NSAIDs treatment.The treatment effects were not statistically significant difference between the two drugs (P>0.05).After all the patients were treated with NSAIDs for 3 months,there was statistically significant difference (P0.05) of vitality and mental health.The positively significant correlations had been identified between BASDAI and PF,RP,BP,GH,VT,SF,RE (P0.05).A positively significant correlation had been identified between BASFI and PF,RP,BP,GH,SF,RE,MH (P0.05).The ESR was positively correlated with SF,RE (P<0.05);and CRP was positively correlated with SF,MH (P<0.05);and SPARCC was positively correlated with PF (P<0.05).BASDAI and BASFI were the important influence factors of PF (P<0.05);and BASDAI was the important influence factor of BP,GH,VT,RE(P<0.05);BASFI was the important influence factor of RP,SF,MH(P<0.05).Conclusion: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can improve the quality of life of the ax-SpA patients.Imrecoxib and celecoxib have the equivalent curative effect.SF36 scale is suitable for the assessment of the quality of life in patients with ax-SpA.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the value of pepsinⅠ( PGⅠ) , pepsinⅡ( PGⅡ) , gastrin-17 ( G-17 ) diagnostic and Helicobacter pylori( Hp IgG) antibody in screening chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer.Methods:90 patients with an upset stomach in our hospital from May 2014 to May 2015 were selected for the study, according to the pathological diagnosis which were divided into normal control group( including chronic non-atrophic gastritis) ,chronic atrophic gastritis group and gastric cancer,30 cases in each group.The level of PGⅠ, PGⅡ, G-17 and Hp IgG antibody positive rate in the three groups of patients were compared.Results:The level of PGⅠ,PGⅡin gastric cancer patients were lower than the control group and chronic atrophic gastritis group.And the index of chronic atrophic gastritis patients were lower than control group.The level of G-17 in gastric cancer group was higher than chronic atrophic gastritis group and the control group, and chronic atrophic gastritis group and the control group had no significant difference.The Hp IgG antibody positive rate in gastric cancer group was significantly higher than other two grups.The level of PGⅠand PGⅡin Hp-infected patients were lower than uninfected Hp patients,and the level of G-17 was higher than uninfected Hp patients.The level of PGⅠ, PGⅡ were significantly negatively correlated with age, pathological stage and metastasis, and positive related with the degree of differentiation;but the level of G-17 and Hp IgG antibody rate were positive related with age,pathological stage and metastasis, and negatively correlated with the degree of differentiation.Conclusion: PGⅠ, PGⅡ and Hp IgG antibody screening have a good diagnostic value in chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer,and better diagnostic value of gastric cancer,G-17 diagnostic value of gastric cancer is much better than the chronic atrophic gastritis;and the level of PGⅠ,PGⅡ,G-17 and IgG antibody positive rate are closely related to the clinicopathological features of gastric cancer patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of respiratory involvement in relapsing polychondritis(RPC). Methods The clinical data of 38 patients with respiratory (larynx, trachea and bronchus) involvement in RPC were retrospectively analyzed. Results The incidence of respiratory involvement in patients with RPC was 51.35%(38/74), and the most common symptoms were cough, wheezing, chest tightness and dyspnea. The incidences of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) increasing, C- reactive protein (CRP) increasing, fibrinogen increasing, D- dimer increased and rheumatoid factor (RF) positive in patients with respiratory involvement were significantly higher than those in patients without respiratory involvement: 47.37% (18/38) vs. 30.56% (11/36), 52.63% (20/38) vs. 33.33% (12/36), 31.58% (12/38) vs. 25.00% (9/36), 21.05% (8/38) vs. 13.89% (5/36) and 36.84%(14/38) vs. 5.56% (2/36), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). CT was the main method to discover the respiratory involvement, and MRI could detect early cartilage inflammation lesions. Laryngoscope and bronchoscope could early detect mucosa and cartilage damage. Pathology was given priority to lymphocytes and neutrophils infiltration. Some patients had epithelium metaplasia and even canceration. Primary treatment methods were glucocorticoids combined with immunosuppressant. Airway stenosis and infection was the main factors influencing the prognosis of patients. Conclusions The respiratory involvement is not uncommon in RPC, and early CT, MRI, laryngoscope and bronchoscope examination is an important means of early diagnosis.Early glucocorticoid combined immunosuppressive therapy is the key to achieve good prognosis.
ABSTRACT
Defibrillation is the most effective method of treating ventricular fibrillation(VF), this paper introduces wearable automatic external defibrillators based on embedded system which includes EGG measurements, bioelectrical impedance measurement, discharge defibrillation module, which can automatic identify VF signal, biphasic exponential waveform defibrillation discharge. After verified by animal tests, the device can realize EGG acquisition and automatic identification. After identifying the ventricular fibrillation signal, it can automatic defibrillate to abort ventricular fibrillation and to realize the cardiac electrical cardioversion.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Defibrillators , Electric Countershock , Electric Impedance , Equipment Design , Heart , Monitoring, Physiologic , Ventricular Fibrillation , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
Racemic (±)-F18 (10-chloromethyl-11-demethyl-12-oxo-calanolide A), an analog of nature product (+)-calanolide A, is a new anti-HIV-1 nonnucleoside reverse transcript inhibitor (NNRTI). A successful enantioseparation of (±)-F18 offering (R)-F18 and (S)-F18 was achieved by a chiral stationary phase prepared HPLC. Their absolute configurations were determined by measurement of their electronic circular dichroisms combined with modem quantum-chemical calculations. Further investigation revealed that (R)-F18 and (S)-F18 shared a similar anti-HIV activities, however, (R)-F18 was more potent than (S)-F18 against wild-type virus, K101E mutation and P225H mutation pseudoviruses.
ABSTRACT
Objective To examine the usefulness of shock index (Sl) and adjusted shock index (corrected to temperature) (ASI) in predicting prognosis of patients with return of spontaneous circulation after cardiac arrest.Methods A prospective study,which data such as vital signs of the cases were collected by the Utstein template,was conducted in 111 of cases with return of spontaneous circulation after cardiac arrest to assess the value of SI and ASI for predicting their prognoses.Results There was no evidence to show difference between the cases with survival to hospital discharge and the ones who died about systolic blood pressure and heart rate (P ＞0.05).SI and ASI [(1.109 ±0.428) and (1.082 ±0.410)] of the group of death were higher significantly than the ones [(0.899 ± 0.303) and (0.844 ± 0.265)] of the group with survival to hospital discharge,P ＜ 0.05.The risk of death was elevated in the group with ASI ＞ 1.1,which odds ratio (5.4) higher than the ones of systolic blood prcssure ＜90 mm Hg (1.6)and ventricular rat ＞ 100 beat/min (3.1) significantly.The odds ratio of death with AS ＞ 1 was 2.8.Conclusions Shock index and adjusted shock index are easy to derive and conducive to predict effectively diseases prognosis such as survival to hospital discharge or death of patients with ROSC.
ABSTRACT
Aim Toinvestigatetheeffectsoftriptonot-erpene methyl ether ( TME ) , a diterpene derived from the medicinal plant Triptergium wilfordii, on human gastric cancer AGS cell proliferation inhibition and ap-optosisinducedinvitro.Methods MTTassaywas used for screening tumor spectrum and detecting the vi-ability of AGS cells and normal human gastric epitheli-al cells GES-1 . Cell morphology was observed by light microscopy and AO / EB staining. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptotic rate and cell cycle. JC-1 staining and fluorescence probe DCFH-DA were em-ployed to detect the changes of mitochondrial mem-brane potential and reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) . The effect of inhibiting AGS clonogenic survival was as-sayed by the method of plate clone formation. Western blot was used to analyse the expression of caspase-3 , caspase-8,Bcl-2andBax.Results MTTresults showed that TME exhibited significantly higher cytotox-icity to gastric cancer AGS cell line than to noncancer-ous cell line GES-1. IC50 for AGS of 48 h treatment was 23 . 85 μmol · L-1 . TME significantly inhibited colony formation and caused morphological changes in AGS cells. Annexin V-FITC / PI double staining showed the apoptotic rate increased. DCFH-DA stai-ning showed TME resulted in an increase in intracellu-lar ROS levels. Mitochondrial membrane potential de-creased after TME treatment. Western blot results showed that TME increased the proportion of Bax /Bcl-2 , with the activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3 . The broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk pre-treatment reduced the expression of caspase-8 and caspase-3. TME enabled AGS cell cycle arrest in G0/G1phase.Conclusion TMEpossessespotenttumor selected toxicity and can induce apoptosis of AGS cells through cell cycle arrest, which is associated with Bcl-2 protein family.
ABSTRACT
Hainan is an island province in south China with a high frequency of unconventional emergencies due to its special geographic location and national military defense role. Given the limited transportation route from Hainan to the outside world, self-rescue is more important to Hainan Province than other provinces in China and it is therefore imperative to establish an independent, scientific as well as efficient provincal disaster medical system in Hainan. The regulatory role for vulnerability analysis/assessment has been demonstrated in establisment of disaster medical system in varoius countries and or regions. In this paper, we attempt to describe/propose how to adopt vulnerability assessment through mathematical modeling of major biophysical social vulnerability factors to establish an independent, scientific, effieicnt and comprehensive provincial disaster medical system in Hainan.
Subject(s)
Humans , China , Civil Defense , Methods , Disaster Planning , Methods , Disasters , Emergency Medical Services , Methods , Geography , Models, OrganizationalABSTRACT
The objective of this study is to examine the effects of ANISpm, a novel polyamine naphthalimide conjugate, with acetylsalicylic acid against hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo and in vitro and elucidate its potential molecular mechanism. The proliferation inhibition was detected by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis, intracellular fluorescence intensity and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were detected by high content screening (HCS) analysis. Polyamines content was analyzed by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography Protein expression levels were quantified by Western blotting assay. The combination treatment strongly inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis in HepG2 cells and H22 hepatoma cells, which was mediated by enhanced ANISpm uptake via up-regulation of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) and depression of intracellular polyamine. Furthermore, this synergistic apoptosis was involved in mitochondria and death-receptor signal pathway. All these findings demonstrated that the combination treatment with acetylsalicylic acid and ANISpm resulted in synergistic antitumor effects on hepatoma cells. Thus, combination therapy with these agents may be useful as a potential template for the development of better chemotherapeutic strategy against hepatoma.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the anti-FSH antibody using ELISA, and further probe into the role of anti-FSH in infertile patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The anti-FSH antibody was detected using ELISA in the serum of patients with spermatogenesis dysfunction, of infertile patients with normal sperm density and motility, and of normal fertile males.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate of anti-FSH antibody in the patients with oligospermia and/or asthenospermia [22.4% (22/98)] was significantly higher than that in the normal fertile [4% (2/50)] (P < 0.05) and that in the infertile patients with normal sperm density and motility [6.7% (2/30)] (P < 0.05). The positive rate of anti-FSH antibody in the patients with oligospermia and/or asthenospermia was lower than that in the patients with azoospermia [54.5% (12/22)] (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive rate between the normal control and the sterile males with normal sperm density and motility.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The anti-FSH antibody may be an important factor to cause spermatogenesis dysfunction by combining FSH to form immune compound and depress the activation of FSH.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Antibodies , Blood , Follicle Stimulating Hormone , Allergy and Immunology , Infertility, Male , Allergy and Immunology , SpermatogenesisABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the antitumor activity of recombinant SEA for therapy of B16 melanoma established in C57BL/6 mice. Methods:C57BL/6 mice with melanoma were treated with the purified rSEA. The tumors were isolated and weighted. Results:Tumor growth was apparently inhibited by rSEA at high, middle, and low doses intraperitone-ally, whose inhibition ratio were 79.3% , 75.6 % and 73. 8% respectively. rSEA treatment in situ could inhibit tumor growth more effectively(90.6% ). Further study showed that numerous CD8+ and CD4+ T cell were infiltrated in tumor tissues, which were consistent with tumor growth inhibition induced by rSEA. Conclusions: rSEA could inhibit tumor growth effectively, especially the treatment in situ. This study paves the way for tumor immunotherapy with targeted SEA.